Description
This simulator demonstrates the reflection, refraction, and dispersion of light.
Exploration
The relevant angles can be viewed using the Show angles button. Two light sources are available: monochromatic light, whose wavelength can be selected, and white light, which contains multiple wavelengths in the visible range.
Physical model
Refraction is governed by Snell's law, n₁ sin θ₁ = n₂ sin θ₂, while the fraction of light reflected and transmitted at each interface is given by the Fresnel equations. Dispersion occurs because a material's refractive index varies with wavelength, which is why a prism separates white light into its constituent colors, each refracted at a slightly different angle.
Developers
Marco P. M. de Souza